Author Archives: aajbb

Livestock species play an important role in the agro-based economy of Bangladesh. The present study was performed to determine the magnitude and trends of clinical diseases and disorders in native sheep in order to design a set of strategies to be applied for the prevention and control of these problems in this farm. A total of 1870 indigenous sheep at BLRI sheep research farm, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh were included under this study. The study was carried out during the period from January 2012 to December 2014.  Diagnoses and records of clinical diseases and disorders were based on pertinent clinical history, clinical findings and laboratory tests. The major clinical diseases and disorders were determined diarrhoea (5.18%), malnutrition (2.85%), lameness (1.93%), pneumonia (1.02%), alopecia (0.88%), tapeworm infection (0.81%) and fever (0.51%). In case of seasons, the highest incidence was found during rainy season (2.26%) followed by winter (5.85%) and summer (4.25%); whereas in respect of age groups, the highest incidence was found in growing sheep (26.14%) followed by adults (12.15%)  and lambs (10.93%). Although  some diseases and disorders took place  in the BLRI sheep research farm, the incidence were very low and most of the infectious diseases did not occur because of proper management of the farm particularly regular deworming, dipping and vaccination. Moreover, on the basis of these findings measures should be taken for further prevention of such diseases and manifestations.

Pig diarrhea is a common problem in pig farms and scattered areas of Bangladesh. This study was subjected to characterize Escherichia coli isolated from fecal sample of pig diarrhea and to find out therapeutic possibilities in the treatment of the disease. Isolation and characterization of the microorganisms were confirmed on the basis of their morphology, staining, cultural and biochemical properties. The study was conducted on 125 fecal samples of diarrheic pig. The prevalence of E. coli infection was higher in 2 years and above aged pigs (62.50 %).  Prevalence of E. coli was higher in diarrheic pigs 61.00 % (100) and non diarrheic 32.00% (25) were also found to be positive for E. coli. The results of MR and Indole test of E. coli isolates were positive. The antibiogram study revealed that this isolates were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and gentamicin; moderately sensitive to colistin sulphate and azithromycin; less sensitive to amoxicillin, tetracycline, cloxacillin, ceftraexon, neomycin, erythromycin and ampicillin. The findinings of the experiment indicates that the use of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and gentamicin may have the preference to be choice in clinical control of E. coli causing pig diarrhea.

The present study was designed with a view to identify the Avian Leukosis Virus (ALV) by direct Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) as well as to know the prevalence of ALV in different age groups of layer birds at Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. The birds were categorized into three groups, namely group A (brooder) included bird aged 13 days, group B (grower) included bird aged 16 weeks and lastly group C (layer) included bird aged 32 weeks. In this study a total of 92 cloacal swab samples were examined and 13 positive cases of ALV was found among which 5, 4 and 4 positive samples were in grower, brooding and layer chickens respectively. This study showed that ALV positive cases were 14.13% in layer birds whereas 14.5% positive cases in Sonali chicken and 13.3% in case of Hy-Line brown chicken. The inoculation of cloacal swab was done into five 10 days old embryonated chicken eggs through yolk sac route. After 5 days of inoculation death of the all embryos with haemorrhage was observed indicating the prevalence of Avian Leukosis Virus in the study area of Bangladesh. Since Avian Leukosis Virus transmitted both horizontally and vertically therefore measures to prevent spread are more demanding.

Anemia in human being due to iron deficiency would be solved with the intake of iron rich rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain developed by biofortification. Phenotypical study of obsolete rice germplasms containing high iron content is important. Phenotypic characters like flowering and maturity time; plant height; tillers hill^‑1; grains panicle^‑1; seed weight and grain yield plant^‑1 were studied for 39 rice genotypes in this research. In this research, Malagoti showed early maturity (126 day), Dhar Shail showed highest  filled grain panicle^-1 (303), Marish Shail showed highest grain yield plant^-1 (86.66g),  and Karengal showed lowest  filled grain panicle^-1 (59.67) and lowest  grain yield plant^-1 (17.20g). Number of filled grains panicle^-1 showed high heritability. All the yield contributing traits except panicle length and unfilled grains panicle^-1 were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield plant^-1 at both phenotypic and genotypic level. The highest direct effects (0.486 and 9.75) on grain yield plant^-1 were found for plant height and days to maturity at phenotypic and genotypic level with residual effect 0.461 and 0.496 respectively. Finally, the obsolete genotypes with highest grain yield (Marish Shail) and early maturity (Malagoti)  performance would be used as breeding materials to improve iron rich rice varieties.

Iron deficiency causes anemia in human body. So identification of iron rich rice genotypes as well as biofortification of staple food crops is an effective way to overcome such malnutrition problems. A total of 46 local rice landraces of Bangladesh were used in chemical analysis and DNA fingerprinting to study their ability to synthesize and accumulate iron content in the grain. Rice plants were grown and their grains were collected and digested by acidKNO₃:HClO₄. iron concentrations were measured from The highest iron content was found Kumra Ghor (168.52ppm) and the lowest in Patnai Balam (0.45 ppm). The SSR markers were used to determine the allelic diversity and relationship among the selected rice germplasms for iron content. Out of 10 SSR primers, 5 primers showed DNA amplification and polymorphism among all the genotypes. Variation was found in number of alleles, allele frequency, Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and gene diversity. The primer, RM35 having motif (GA) 19 also yielded the highest number of alleles (23) and highest PIC value (0.946). A total of 72 bands were recorded by using 5 SSR primers in all genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 23 with an average of 14.40 out of 72 bands. The UPGMA Dendrogram based on Nei’s (1973) genetic distance placed the varieties into 6 distinct clusters. Most of the primers showed the highest Polymorphism Information Content (PIC). Based on this study, the larger range of similarity values using SSR markers provides greater confidence for the assessment of genetic relationships among the varieties. The information obtained from chemical analysis and SSR profiling helps to identify the varieties containing iron content. Genotypes with high iron content could be used as breeding materials to develop nutrient rich rice varieties in order to combat iron deficient problems in population of Bangladesh.