This study was conducted to compare the reproductive and economic performance of turkey hen bred by natural mating (NM) and artificial insemination (AI) using fresh and chilled semen. The breeding trial was designed under a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatment groups (T₁ = NM following ♂1:♀4, T₂ = AI with fresh semen and T₃= AI with chilled semen). A total of 48 turkey hens and 8 toms were used with 4 replicates in each treatment group. Semen collection was performed by using the abdominal massage technique. Semen aliquots was diluted by modified ringer’s solution at the ratio of 1:2 and then stored at 3−5⁰C temperature in refrigerator for 24 hours. Undiluted fresh pooled semen was deposited into the vagina @ 0.02 ml/hen within 30 minutes of collection; and pooled diluted chilled semen was deposited @ 0.2 ml/hen at 4−5 pm in every week. Both NM and AI had no significant effect on egg production, egg weight, hatchability and survivability of poults. Significantly (P<0.01) highest fertility (89.71%) was obtained when the turkey hens were inseminated with fresh semen compared to chilled semen (60.77%) and even though natural mating (59.21%). Late embryonic mortality and dead in shell differed significantly (P<0.05) among the treatment groups but it was not due to use of breeding techniques. Profitability index and rate of return were higher (P<0.05) in the turkey hens inseminated by fresh and chilled semen. Therefore, the results of the study concluded that use of fresh and chilled semen increased fertility and reduced the cost of production.

This study was designed to determine the interrelationship between physico-chemical parameters and plankton community in three different aquaculture systems (wishpond, wishpond aquaponics and traditional fish pond). The water quality parameters, dissolve oxygen (DO), temperature, pH, ammonia, alkalinity and transparency were monitored and found within the recommended range. Different phytoplankton of four (4) different groups were observed where Chlorophyceae group was the most dominant (8.03±0.19) × 10³ cells/l in wishpond system and Euglenophyceae was the less dominant (45.86±1.15) × 10³ cells/l in traditional pond system. In addition, Zooplankton of Rotifera was found the most dominant (17.81±0.09) × 10³ cells/l with following Cladocera and Copepoda. A significance difference were observed in case of plankton groups among three different aquaculture systems. The interrelationship among the physico-chemical parameters, temperature showed strongest relationship with all the other physico-chemical parameters where transparency showed no relation with dissolve oxygen. In case of phytoplankton groups, all four groups showed more or less positive relationship in all three different aquaculture system. The findings of this study will assist small-scale producers in choosing and properly operating a simple aquaponics system.

Potato is the third important food crop in Bangladesh and Bangladesh ranked as third and seventh in Asia and in the world, respectively. But potato production greatly affected by the late blight of potato caused by an oomycete, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary worldwide. Application of need-based fungicides is the key factor to control this disease and to avoid development of fungicide resistance in P. infestans. Experiments were conducted in both in vitro and in field condition to evaluate some selected chemical fungicides to identify the best one to control the late blight disease of potato. The results of in vitro test revealed that all the fungicides inhibited the growth of P. infestans by 94% over control. But the results of field experiment conceded that the lowest late blight severity was found in T₁₀ (Curzate M8) (0.49%) followed by T₆ (AcrobateMz) (0.52%), T₈ (Micra) (0.59%), T₇ (Xtramyl) (0.61%), T₃ (Daconyl) (0.84%), T₅ (Secure) (1.28%), T₉ (Sanoxanyl) (1.43%), T₁ (Unilax) (1.83%), T₂ (TemperM) (2.58%) and T₄ (Amiscore) (6.34%) at 71 DAP while the maximum late blight severity (95.33%) was observed in T₀ (water as control). The highest yield was obtained in T₁₀ (Curzate M8) (25.94 t/ha) followed by T₆ (AcrobateMz) (25.67 t/ha), T₅ (Secure) (25.22 t/ha), T₇ (Xtramil) (24.61 t/ha), T₈ (Micra) (24.61 t/ha) and T₉ (Sanoxanil) (23.67 t/ha) which were statistically similar and the lowest (8.39 t/ha) yield was observed in T₀ (water as control). The highest Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was obtained from when potato plants were sprayed with T₁₀ (Curzate M8) (1.02) following by T₇ (Xtramil) (0.99), T₈ (Micra) (0.99), T₆ (AcrobateMz) (0.92), T₉ (Sanoxanil) (0.90), T₅ (Secure) (0.89), T₁ (Unilax) (0.80), T₃ (Daconil) (0.74), T₄ (Amiscore) (0.71) and T₂ (TemperM) (0.44) compared to control T₀ (water as control) (-0.30). The results indicated that application of these fungicides yielded a benefit of Tk. ranged by 0.44 to 1.02 over the investment of Tk. 1.00. Therefore, identification of a number of potential chemical fungicides might be useful in the alternate use of these fungicides against late blight of potato in the field.