The current study aimed to identify the selected number of Campylobacter strains of poultry origin in India that were isolated in the Laboratory of International Prevention of Epidemics, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan to the species level with the aid of cdtA/B/C gene-based multiplex PCR assays as well as to investigate their antimicrobial resistance profiles. C. jejuni (4 strains) and C. coli (16 strains) were identified. The poultry isolates identified were subjected to susceptibility testing with the aid of disk diffusion method using 12 antimicrobial agents. Again, the resistant and intermediate isolates confirmed by the disk diffusion method were subjected to determination of minimum inhibitory concentration by agar dilution method. To elucidate the mechanism of quinolone resistance, a total number of 20 quinolone resistant strains were subjected to sequence determination and analysis of the gyrA gene in the quinolone-resistance determining region.  The results of the disk diffusion method were consistent with the results of the agar dilution method with slight variation in case of ampicillin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin and fosfomycin. All C. jejuni and C. coli strains had the Thr 86 to Ile substitution in gyrA. Results of this study support the emergence of resistance of C. jejuni and C. coli strains of poultry origin in India to a variety of antimicrobials especially fluoroquinolones.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the microbiological quality of poultry meat used in different hall of Bangladesh Agricultural University campus. Sanitary condition of dining hall was assessed by using a standard questionnaire. Thirty samples were collected from Isha Khan hall, Fazlul Haque hall and Taposhi Rabeya hall. Microbial load was determined by total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC) and total salmonella count (TSC). Samples were inoculated into various selective media such as plate count (PCA) agar, xylose lysine deoxycholate Agar (XLDA) and MacConkey agar (MCA). It is found that the age of maximum workers (53%) is between 25-35 years. Educational level of dining workers are in same frequency of illiterate and below class eight. Only 6.7% are SSC passed. Most of dining workers have no knowledge on hygienic practices. 43.3% partially know about hygienic practices and 3.3% have no knowledge. Sanitary condition of dining hall is not satisfactory. Only 3.3% disinfectants are used in dining hall. There is no proper washing facilities. About 63.3% washing facilities are in medium level. Only E. coli and Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified from the samples. The mean value of TVC, TCC and TSC in broiler thigh meats of Isha Khan hall, Fazlul Haque hall and Taposhi Rabeya hall are log 5.65, log 5.77, log 6.06 CFU/g, log 3.26, 3.41, 3.42 CFU/g and  log 2.95, log 2.92 log 2.97 CFU/g respectively. The variation of TVC in meats of different dining hall was significant (p<0.05) at 5% level of probability whereas TCC and TSC obtained from meat samples of different hall were not significant (p<0.05). Presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in meat must need particular attention as these organisms are responsible for causing harm to public health. Suggestions have been given to improve the present sanitary condition of dining hall to minimize bacterial load.

An investigation was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in pet dogs of Dhaka City Corporation area. A total of 50 sera samples from pet dogs were collected. Additional data on risk factors (breed, age, sex, any abnormality during sample collection etc.) were recorded during sample collection by using standard questionnaire. Sera were separated from blood samples and tested with the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Indirect Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (IELISA) parallely. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in pet dogs was found 4.00% by RBPT & IELISA. The results of both serological methods were equal in terms of ability to detect Canine Brucellosis. Statistically higher seroprevalence of brucellosis (6.06%) was found in dog aged 1.5 to 2.5 years. Higher seroprevalence (15.38%) was found also in female pet dogs and no response in male pet dogs.

The present study was carried out to investigate the status of different reproductive parameters of Black Bengal in a rural area of Mukterpur under Charghat Upazilla of Rajshahi district during the period of July to December/2012. A total of 200 Black Bengal goats under both semi-intensive (n=100) and extensive condition (n=100) were selected on the basis of age, weight, body shape and conformation. The average age at puberty was 197.82±12.58 days and age at first conception was 292.96±0.50 days under semi-intensive condition whereas 208.82±12.60 days and 287.65±0.52 days under extensive condition. Age at first kidding was 448.26±25.48 days under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition it was 450.07±22.43 days. Average litter size in the first, second and third parity was 1.06, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition, these were 1.01, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively. The average kidding interval of goats under semi-intensive and extensive conditions were 190.2±20 and 178.23±.50 days, respectively and the difference between these two was statistically significant (p<0.01). Sex ratio of male and female kids born was found to be 56 : 44, 44 : 56 and 55 : 45 in the first, second and third parity, respectively under semi-intensive condition whereas, it was  55 : 45, 48 : 52 and 54 : 56 in the first, second and third parity, respectively under extensive  condition. The usual numbers of kids at one time in Black Bengal goats varied from single to quadruplet. Average post partum weight of does was higher under semi-intensive condition than extensive condition which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Age of kid mortality was more in first parity under one month of age but gradually decreased with the age of kids under both semi-intensive condition and extensive condition. The average birth weight of  kids was 1.28 ± 0.11 kg and 1.25 ± 0.10 kg under semi-intensive and extensive condition respectively which was statistically significant (p<0.01). Average birth weight of male was higher than female under both conditions. Kid mortality increased from 2 to 21% with the increase of parity. Birth weight of kids was higher in July-October and kid mortality was higher in winter season. The age at puberty was found earlier in summer season than others seasons under both semi-intensive and extensive conditions. Reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat were better in third parity than that of the first and second parity under both conditions.

To evaluate the reproductive herd health status, the data were collected from Talbag Dairy Farm, Savar; Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm, Mymensingh and Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm, Savar  for a period of two years. A total of 122 lactating cows were selected to collect data on productive and reproductive performance from the farms record book maintained by three farms. The mean value ± SD of breeding age, calving age, age at first conception, calving to first estrus, calving to first service, days open, calving interval, first service conception rate, number of service per conception, calf per year of Talbag Dairy Farm, BAU Dairy Farm, Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm were 25.10 ± 2.68, 219.23 ± 12.23 and 27.40 ± 7.56 months; 34.30 ± 8.54, 55.88 ± 11.60 and 38.93 ± 8.58 months; 26.20 ± 4.05, 52.71 ± 12.55 and 29.83 ± 8.72 months; 165.00 ±73.82, 219.23 ± 121.83 and 190.50 ± 104.19 days; 165.00 ±73.82, 240.77 ± 128.59 and 190.50 ± 104.19 days; 201.00 ± 72.48, 250.38 ± 72.82 and 335.08 ± 118.61 days; 383.30 ± 57.87, 526.44 ± 196.80 and 523.17 ± 216.37 days; 73.50 ± 29.25, 64.75 ± 30.53 and 61.85 ± 31.87 %; 1.95 ± 0.44, 1.99 ± 0.72 and 2.30 ± 1.02; 383.30 ±57.87, 526.44 ± 196.80 and 523.17 ± 216.37 days, respectively. The overall calf mortality (%) in Talbag Dairy Farm, BAU Dairy Farm, Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm were 4%, 0.70% and 4.06%, respectively. The calf mortality (%) at birth and birth to 30 days in Talbag Dairy Farm, BAU Dairy Farm, Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm were 3%, 1% and 1.85%; 3.5%, 5% and 6.39%; respectively. It is concluded that commercial farms reasonably better due to optimum level of breeding age, first service conception rate, less calving interval and less service per conception.

The objectives were to investigate the factors (age, sex, breed and season) affecting the occurrence of calf diseases. In this study 497 cases of 0 to 3 months of age from three different farms were investigated. Calf in Savar Dairy farm (n=249), Talbag Dairy Farm (n=85) and BAU Dairy Farm (n=163) were included from April 2011 to March 2012. The occurrence of diseases were classified on the basis of breed (Local and Cross), age (≤ 3 weeks and >3 weeks), sex (Male and Female) and season (Spring, Summer, Rainy and Winter). The overall diseases were diarrhoea (20.3%), anorexia (9.7%), fever (9.1%), naval ill (8.0%), malnutrition (7.7%), indigestion (6.7%), traumatic  injury (5.4%), dysentery (5.0%), myiasis (4.6%), pneumonia (3.4%), alopecia (3.4%), atresia ani (3.2%), hernia (2.8%), constipation (2.6%), abscess (2.2%), conjunctivitis (2.2%), lameness (1.8%), FMD (1.2%)  and blot (0.6%). The cases of diarrhoea was higher (20.5%) than that of other diseases. The occurrence of diseases was highly significant (p<0.01) in crossbred calves (77.3%) than that of local bred (22.7%). Cases of diseases were higher in male calves (51.7%) than that of female calves (48.3%) but the variation was insignificant (p>0.05). The effect of breeds on diseases were found significantly (p<0.05) higher in ≤ 3 weeks (55.1%) than that of > 3 weeks of age (44.9%). The occurrence of diseases in calves was significantly (p<0.05) higher in rainy season (36.0%) followed by the summer (31.0%), winter (22.1%) and lowest in spring (10.9%). The results demonstrate significant effect of breed, age and season on the occurrence of diseases in calves.

The study was conducted at Upazila Livestock Development Centre, Kapasia, Gazipur, during July, 2011 to December, 2011 to identify and determine the prevalence of clinical diseases and disorders of goats. A total number of 488 clinical cases of goats were recorded. Diagnosis of the clinical cases of goats were based on general examination (history and owner’s complaint), physical examination of patient (inspection, palpation and percussion), clinical examination, microscopic examination and using common laboratory techniques. The clinical cases were divided into three groups on the basis of treatment required-medicinal, gynaeco-obstetrical and surgical cases. Among the three types of cases, medicinal cases 428(87.72%) were highest followed surgical cases 43(8.80%) and gynaeco-obstetrical cases 17(3.48%). Among the medicinal cases of goats, the contagious diseases PPR 32(6.56%), black quarter 23(4.73%) fascioliasis 77(15.78%), diarrhoea 35(7.17%), dysentery 30(6.15%), ectoparasitism 30(6.15%), paramphistomiasis 25(5.12%), gastrointestinal nematodiasis 21(4.3%), fever 20(4.1%) were recorded major disease problems in goats. Among the gynaeco-obstetrical cases, retained placenta 5(1.02%) and repeat breeding 12(2.46 %) were recorded as major gynaeco-obstetrical problems in goats. Abscess 9(1.84 %), castration 4(0.81%), myiasis 10(2.05%), navel-ill 7(1.43%), gid disease 2(0.41%), urolithiasis 5(1.02%) and fracture 6(1.23%) were recognized as the main disorders which required surgical interventions. It may conclude that a number of diseases have been occurring in goats at study area and this report may help to develop strategies against major diseases reported in this study.

Malaria is a major public health concern in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasites from blood sample. The blood samples were collected from patients of different hospitals at Savar upazila. Malaria prevalence survey was conducted in six malaria endemic areas at Savar upazila of Bangladesh. The microscopic examinations were employed for the diagnosis of malaria infection. The overall prevalence of malaria was found to be 23.48% from 115 blood samples. The highest malaria prevalence was observed at Islamnagar area (30.76%) than other five areas of Savar upazila. According to gender wise distribution, it was observed that male (30.90%) had higher positivity compare to their counterparts (16.67%). As regard to age, the peoples whose ages between 21 to 25 years (88.88%) were mostly suffering from malaria. The seasonal influence of outbreak of this disease was higher in rainy season (37.5%), followed by summer (28%), autumn (16.67%) and spring season (12.5%). Effective control program, accurate information on the incidence and prevalence of malaria is required to minimize and eradicate malaria from Bangladesh.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 450 broiler farms of three districts of Bangladesh from June 2012 to July 2013. The estimated prevalence and mortality of infectious bursal disease (IBD) in three districts were 10.2% (CI, 9.2-11.2) and 7.8% (CI, 6.4-9.2) respectively. On clinical sign such as anorexia, ruffled feathers and diarrhoea and necropsy gross changes at bursa of fabricius, the highest prevalence was recorded in Comilla district (10.4%) followed by Feni district (10.3%) and Chittagong district (10.0%), while the highest mortality was recorded in the same Comilla district (8.3%) followed by Chittagong district (8.1%) and Feni district (7.0%). IBD was recorded year-round and had significant association (P<0.05) with season. Significantly higher prevalence (13.1%) and mortality (9.8%) was documented in winter season. Broiler chicken age between 21-30 days was significantly reported with high prevalence rate and high mortality rate. The study result indicated the difference of IBD occurrence in Bangladesh, thereby would support to improve the current control plans.

The investigation was conducted to elucidate seasonal histomorphological changes of Leydig cells in Japanese Jungle crows (Corvus macrorhynchos). All adult crows (n=12) were killed for H&E staining. Histologic data of Leydig cells regarding their locations in the interstitium, appearance and disappearance of lipoidal materials in their cytoplasm, precursor cells and fibroblasts are studied. In the nonbreeding season, in the interstitium, clusters of Leydig cells were found in abundant number. They looked foamy, white and easily visible. Their nuclei were found small and are located eccentrically. During recrudescence, the Leydig cell became less foamy and less white. In peak breeding season, the Leydig cells showed bigger in size and the nuclei became prominent. Cytoplasmic lipoidal material was lowest and cytoplasm was found dense pink. At the end of breeding period, heavy accumulation of lipid materials occurred in the Leydig cell. The clusters of Leydig cells were visible and looked white and foamy again. During this transition, disintegration of Leydig cells occurred after pycnotic nuclei of Leydig cells were found. During involution, new generation of fibroblast like cells appeared in the interstitium. Within the fibroblast like cells, some of them became lipoidal by accumulating lipid materials. Thus a new generation of Leydig cells appeared in the interstitium. These lipoidal cells are thought to be a new generation of Leydig cells for the next breeding season. This study suggests that in seasonally breeding birds, new generation of Leydig cell is derived from fibroblast like cells of the interstitium.

Small ruminants (goat and sheep) are economically important and promising animal resource in Bangladesh. Reproductive disorders of goat and sheep cause the great economic problems. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of reproductive disorders in goat and sheep in five upazillas of Mymensingh district. Records of reproductive disorders were collected from official stock book of different Upazillas veterinary hospitals of Mymensingh district during April 2010 to March 2011. Seasonal occurrences of reproductive disorders were also recorded. Descriptive statistical analysis was done to study the prevalence of different reproductive disorders of goat and sheep in five upazillas of Mymensingh district. Out of 4804 clinical cases, a total of 147 reproductive disorders of goat and sheep were screened out from datasheet of official stock book. Among the five upazila, the prevalence of reproductive disorders was higher in Muktagacha (3.35%) and lower in Fulbaria (2.38%). Prevalence of reproductive disorders in all upazila was higher in sheep (4.12%) than goat (2.88%). Prevalence of reproductive disorders of goat was higher in Tarakanda (3.26%) and lower in Fulbaria (2.03%) and the prevalence of reproductive disorders of sheep was higher in Gaforgaon (5.22%) and lower in Haluaghat (3.15%). The major reproductive disorders recorded in goats were dystocia (41.2%), abortion (21.8%), mastitis (21.8%), retained placenta (11.8%) and pyometra (3.4%). Similarly, major reproductive disorders in sheep were dystocia (53.7%), abortion (25%), pyometra (7.1%), mastitis (7.1%) and retained placenta (7.1%). Moreover, seasonal prevalence of reproductive disorders was higher in summer than winter in the species, goat (57.14%) and sheep (12.25%). It was concluded that the most pressing constraint on goat and sheep reproduction in Bangladesh is dystocia, abortion and mastitis. Strategies should be taken to minimize their occurrence.

The effects of feeding probiotic (PB) with or without Lincomycin 2.2% (AGP) were investigated in broiler chickens during summer. Seven hundred Cobb-500 one day old straight run broiler chicks were randomly distributed into four dietary treatments each of five replications. Four diets were compared: control; control diet plus PB (Bacillus subtilis DSM17299) at a level of 50g/100kg; control plus (AGP) at a level of 15g/100kg and control plus a combination of PB and AGP (50gm/100kg and 15g/100kg respectively). Control birds were fed on a corn-soybean based starter mash that contained ME 3000 kcal/kg and CP 24.39% from 0-21 days of age and a corn-soybean based grower mash of ME 3100 kcal/kg and CP 20.43% during 22-35 days of age. The records were kept of feed intake (FI), body weight and mortality while weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survivability were calculated. Temperature and humidity were recorded four times daily except during extreme heat stress when measurements were made more frequently. One bird that was close to average of pen weight was taken from each replication at the end of the trial and the birds were sacrificed to determine carcass characteristics. Both performance and carcass yield data were statistically analyzed. Birds that received  PB and a combination of PB +AGP  treatments showed significant differences (P<0.01) from control with respect to body weight gain and FCR while feeding AGP alone although showed a decrease in feed intake. Abdominal fat was significantly (P<0.01) reduced in PB treated birds. Higher mortality was encountered in control group. Both PB alone and a combination of AGP treatments were able to show improved performance and reduced mortality, feeding PB alone may be practiced on the combined grounds of improved performance, efficiency in combating heat stress and to discourage the use of AGP in broiler diet.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of aquaculture-drugs and chemicals on health and production of prawn in Narail district. Data were collected through questionnaire interview, market survey and focus group discussion from June to December 2014. Six categories and 28 types of chemicals were found in the chemical shops as well as used by the farmers. Chemicals used in pond preparation, equipments disinfection, oxygen supplementation, growth promotion, antibiotics and disease treatment. Eco-solution, malachite green and melathion were used in the treatment of viral diseases having 85%, 70% and 65% recovery respectively. Potassium permanganate, oxytetracycline and renamycine had 86%, 80% and 75% recovery respectively against protozoan and bacterial diseases. Clinically prawn appeared normal greenish in control ponds, whereas, in chemical treated prawn appeared yellowish brown and grayish color. Histology of muscle of control prawn were almost normal except some vacuums, however, chemical treated prawn muscle had remarkable pathological changes like necrosis, vacuums and pyknotic cells. Prawn production was 85 kg/acre in control ponds, 150 kg/ acre in lime-urea treated ponds and 450 kg/ acre in chemical treated ponds.

Seasonal variation of water quality parameters and health condition of some small endangered open water fishes are Baila (Glossogobius giuris), Gutum (Lepidocephalichthys guntea) and Tara baim (Macrognathus aculeatus) was carried out through clinical and histological observation from Kailla beel of Ishargonj upazila, Mymensingh and Surma river, Gobindogonj upazila, Sunamgonj district, Sylhet region for a period of eight months from September 2014 to April 2015. Water quality parameters like water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, alkalinity, hardness, and nitrate were recorded. Water temperature, pH, alkalinity and hardness were found at unfavorable level for fish in mid November and January. Clinical examinations of the fish were carried out at monthly intervals and any kind of abnormalities were recorded. Clinically it was observed that, fish was affected with fin and tail rot, gill rot, parasitic infestation, nutritional deformities, numerous red spots and patches in lateral and ventral regions, large deep whitish ulcers reached up to deep ulcers especially in December and January in both region. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were collected and processed for histological observations. Major pathology in the skin and muscle were epidermis separated from dermis, presence of fungal granuloma, vacuums, hemorrhage and necrosis. Loss of primary and secondary gill lamellae, hypertrophy and primary gill lamellae separated, necrosis and hemorrhage were found in the gill. Large vacuums, necrosis and hemorrhage were observed in liver and kidney. Among the affected fish organs skin and muscle, gills were more affected than the internal organs like liver and kidney. Overall, clinical and histological observations of fishes were found to be more affected in December and January. Whereas, in the months of mid February to April, the pathological condition of fish gradually healed up to normal except few vacuums and hemorrhage. Under histopathological observations, fishes of Kailla beel were more affected than the fishes of surma river. In clinical and histopathological observation open water fishes were  more susceptible due to EUS.

A total of 90 day old as hatched Cobb 500 broilers had free access to a pre-starter diet (crumble) from day old to 14 days of age. A starter diet (pellet) was provided up to end of the experiment. Broilers were allocated to 0 (control), 0.2 or 0.4% of potassium chloride (KCl) in drinking water and reared up to 500, 1000 or 1500g target weights to vary the rearing period. The study was aimed at to assess broiler performance (growth and meat yield) altered by KCl supplementation in drinking water in a hot and humid summer. KCl had no effect (p>0.05) on growth and meat yield characteristics of broilers except feed conversion (p<0.05) at different target weights. In most of the growth and meat yield parameters, KCl had no interactions (p>0.05) with target weights. However, 0.4% KCl level slightly improved feed intake, growth rate and performance index. Increasing level of KCl tended to increase most of the major meat yield characteristics. On the basis of results of this study, it may be concluded that, supplementation of KCl in drinking water in summer improved the feed conversion of broilers. However, further experiments using several doses of KCl may be conducted to confirm the appropriate doses of supplementation.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of diets varying in protein concentrations on indigenous (desi) growing chicks reared under confinement system. The feeding trial was conducted with 144 indigenous female (desi) growing chicks during 12-22 weeks of age. The birds were divided into four dietary treatments each of three replications and reared on littered floor in an open-sided house. The number of birds in each replication was 12. Four iso-nitrogenous grower diets differing in protein contents were formulated to constitute dietary treatments.  Diets for comparison were: control (a mixture of broken rice, rice polish, protein concentrate etc); low protein density (LPD): CP 15%; moderate protein density (MPD): CP 17% and high protein density (HPD): CP 19%. Metabolizable energy was maintained 2700 kcal/kg in every diet. The contents of CP, ME, calcium (Ca) and total phosphorous in MPD diet were fitted with the requirements calculated on the basis of BIS (Bureau of Indian Standard). Diets were formulated using locally available feedstuffs. Body weight and feed intake of the birds were recorded weekly. The results indicated that body weight and weight gain increased significantly in birds that received MPD diets in comparison with those received the other diets. Feed conversion ratio decreased significantly in all protein diets in comparison with the control.  It is concluded indigenous (desi) female chicks may achieve up to 1.1kg body weight at 22 weeks of age when 17% CP is fed in a2700 kcal ME/kg diet.

This paper focuses on the status of solid waste generation, waste management system and waste management problems in Bangladesh. Solid waste generation is in increasing trend with the growth of urban population. The country is generating about 8000 tons of solid waste each day from the six major cities (Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal and Sylhet), of which Dhaka city alone is contributing about 70%. Waste management system is not well organized. Efforts are underway to improve the system of waste collection, transportation, recycling, incineration and land filling. Lack of regulations/standard for waste disposal, landfill & use, lack of awareness, improper choice of technology and inadequate financial support are the major constraints for waste management in Bangladesh.

Transfection is the most popular experiments among biological scientist to study the gene expression. But it is really tedious to find out the optimum conditions for protein expression for transfection while working with plasmid DNA. In our present study, the main objective was to setup suitable conditions to study the protein expression. From different conditions, protein expression was observed for 2μg of DNA. We tried different cell number and time frame and got 6.25×10⁵   cell/ well of 6 well and 24 hour incubation were the best condition for maximum expression of protein. In our experiment 1:3 ratio of DNA: Lipfectamine was the best for optimum expression of protein in mammalian cell line.

Klebsiella pneumonia is the second most causing agent of urinary tract bacterial infection among human beings. Its ability to grow and to produce siderophores is dependent on the iron content and the type of carbon sources in the culture medium. This study has aimed to find out the unique properties of siderophore production by Klebsiella species in fluctuating iron concentrations. The study was carried out on 252 urine samples collected from UTI patients at Doon (PG) Paramedical College and Teaching Hospital, Dehradun, India. All urine samples were tested microbiologically using standard procedure and biochemical panel tests were performed to identify and to isolate Klebsiella pneumonia from colonies obtained on differential media plate used for urine culture and the result was interpreted according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guide line to confirm the Klebsiella pneumonia. Then CAS siderophore detection method was applied to quantify the siderophore production in various iron concentration supplied to culture medium. A total of 47 patients out of 252 UTI patients were found to be infected by Klebsiella pneumonia. Women were more prone to be UTI infected by Klebsiella pneumonia in comparison to men (14.89% men, 85.1% women). Most of the UTI patients infected by Klebsiella pneumonia were in the age group of 50-79 years (53.19%) which was followed by 20-49 years (23.40%) and 80-99 years (14.89%) respectively. Least people having age below 19 years old were prone to be urinary tract infected by Klebsiella pneumonia. In the same way, siderophore production was found to be increased significantly when there was no iron in the culture medium and its production was decreased gradually with increase in iron concentration up to 200mg/L in the culture medium. Siderophore is an important metabolite product for pathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia to survive and cause pathogenicity in low iron concentration medium.