Author Archives: aajbb

The Bornean Spotted Barb is endemic fish species and widely distributed throughout Borneo in various freshwater bodies and can be considered as a potential aquaculture candidate for food security and the ornamental trade. However there has yet to be scientific studies on the early life history and developmental stages of this species. Thus the present study reveals the embryonic development of Puntius sealei embryo, from fertilization to post-hatching using the induced breeding method. The induced spawning on P. sealei using Ovaprim hormone at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg for females and 0.25ml/kg for males respectively was successfully conducted and the embryonic development of the fertilized eggs were observed. The zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, and larval phases were the six major stages of embryogenesis that investigated in this experiment. This study contributed major knowledge to the early developmental biology of this particular species. The information will be useful for accessing the potentiality of this species for aquaculture as well as the management, and production of the species.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of discriminate and indiscriminate use of colistin sulfate on body weight and haematological parameters in broiler. Day-old-broiler chicks were collected and reared for up to 31 days. The chicks were randomly divided into control, discriminate and indiscriminate antibiotic group. The discriminate group was treated with colistin sulfate antibiotic (Eskolis-24) for one week (from 16th to 22th day) followed by one week withdrawal period. In case of indiscriminate group, the poultry were treated with colistin sulfate antibiotic for 14 days (from 16th to 29th day) without any withdrawal period until sacrifice. The body weight of the birds were recorded daily. The mean body weight was highest in indiscriminate group (1408.22±133.49 gm) followed by discriminate group (1330.15±134.93 gm) and control group (1243.81±173.19 gm). The differences among means of three groups were not statistically significant. The Total erythrocyte count (Million/mm3) of control, discriminate, and indiscriminate groups were 2.53± 0.05, 2.56±0.08, and 2.52±0.08 respectively. The hemoglobin (gm%) were 7.06± 0.09, 7.03± 0.12, and 7.11±0.09 respectively and the Packed Cell Volume (%) were 19.66±1.11, 19.33±0.95, and 20.16±0.70 respectively. The results found were not statistically significant among the groups for TEC, Hb and PCV respectively. Total lymphocyte (%) count were 67.16±0.60, 70±1.15, and 71.83±1.30 respectively. Total neutrophil (%) count were 32.83± 0.60, 28.83±1.42, and 26.83±1.10 respectively. Total eosinophil (%) count were 0± 0, 1±0.44, and 1.16±0.40 respectively. Total basophil (%) count were zero (0) and total monocyte (%) count were 0± 0, 0.17±0.17, and 0.17±0.17 respectively. In our experiment, both discriminate and indiscriminate groups showed no significant differences of lymphocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil and monocyte. Therefore, discriminate and indiscriminate use of colistin sulfate for two weeks has no effect on haematological parameters of broiler poultry. Further experiment needed for more concise conclusion.

A combination of nutritionally inferior diets and improper feeding practices are major contributing factors to the development of childhood malnutrition. Complementary feeding improvement should be of highest priority for nutrition of infant and young children containing all essential nutrients at required amount. The objective of this study was designed to investigate the inclusion of weaning food formulation and evaluating compositional and functional properties of the products. The analysis undertaken in this study was infant food formulation, proximate composition, mineral concentration and sensory properties. The moisture content in this study ranged from 1.49 ± 0.12 to 3.89 ±0.12, crude protein from 15.09 ± 0.05 to 16.79± 0.01, crude fat from 11.11 ± 0.07 to 12.80 ± 0.00, total ash from 2.06 ± 0.03 to 2.21 ± 0.00, carbohydrate from 65.9740 ± 0.24 to 68.2641 ± 0.14 and energy value ranged from 431.68 ± 0.05 to 449.18 ± 0.57. From the result provided, sample-A contained the highest protein, moisture, fat content than sample-B. But carbohydrate and energy are highest in sample-B than sample-A. The two macro minerals mg/100 g of Ca and Zn in the study were ranged from lower 0.60±0.07 to 0.79±0.01 and 1.05±0.01 to 2.44±0.06 respectively. Beta-carotene is varied from 0.90±o.01 to 1.17±0.00. Sensory parameters such as colour, appearance, texture, taste, aroma and overall acceptability is high in sample-A than to sample-B. Finally, from the general trend observed in this study that both the weaning foods prepared from cereal, legume, pulse flour provided better nutritional and functional compositions to meet nutrient dense of infant foods.